Page 62 - TINA Dergi Sayi 10

TINA

Denizcilik Arkeolojisi Dergisi
Fig. 23: Yerleşik
Neolitik sakinlerin
F. COAStAL ADAPtAtIOnS AnD SIte AbAnDOnment avcı toplayıcılara
A model of coastal adaptation was göre yeraltını kap-
developed by Weisenberger and Ch- samlı şekilde kul-
ouinard . Among other issues, they lanmasını gösteren
71
discuss adaptative strategies and the şematik kesit. (E.
Galili)
resilience and vulnerability of modern Fig. 23: Schema-
coastal communities, decision-mak- tic cross-section
ing prior to settlement, actions taken demonstrating
during occupation, and adjustment to the extensive use
unexpected changes occurring on the of the subsoil by
coast due to the ever-changing envi- permanent Neolit-
hic dwellers versus
ronment. They propose various tools hunter-gatherers.
of technical, scientific, legislative, (E. Galili)
administrative, social or physical in
nature, to be applied. Fig. 24: Arkeolojik
In the Southern Levant, Middle Pa- kalıntı ve jeolojik
laeolithic and Epi-Palaeolithic hunt- özelliklere göre
ers-gatherers appear to have had some Carmel kıyısında
deniz seviyesi
interest in the coastal zone . This yüksekliği değişik-
72
shifted in the PPNC when the first liklerini resmeden
permanent settlement on the coast took bir eğri. (Galili vd.
place as documented at Atlit-Yam. 2005’e göre; Galili
The coastal region at this time was a ve Rosen 2011)
Fig. 24: A cur-
relatively harsh environment, lacking ve depicting the
permanent sources of water but with sea-level changes
marshy areas, as attested to by the in the Carmel
floral remains identified in the site. coast, based on
Consequently, the coastal areas were archaeological and
probably infested by malaria at this geological featu-
res. (After Galili et
time, as they were in historical peri- al 2005; Galili and
ods . It was suggested by Angel , that Rosen 2011)
74
73
amongst early agriculturalists, malaria
was associated with thalassemia – an
inherited blood disorder that offers
some protection from falciparum ma-
laria. Hershkovitz et al . proposed
75
that natural selection rapidly began
to buffer the resistance of prehistoric
coastal inhabitants from malaria by
increasing the frequency of alleles for
thalassemia. This must have been an
advantage for the new inhabitants of
the coast, and can be seen as an unin-
tended coastal adaptation.

Fig. 25: Yeniden inşa edilen yerleşme zamanındaki deniz seviyesini
71 WEISENBERGER - CHOUIRAD 2015. (günümüzden yakl. 9000 yıl önce) ve köyün deniz kıyısından bir kaç yüz
72 e.g. PORAT et al. 2018; GALILI et al. 2017b. metre uzaktaki konumunu resmeden Atlit kuzey limanı şematik kesiti. (E.
73 KLIGER 1930; HERSHKOVITZ et al. 1991. Galili).
74 ANGEL 1966. Fig. 25: Schematic cross-section of the Atlit north bay depicting the re-
75 HERSHKOVITZ et al. 1991. constructed sea level at the time of occupation (ca. 9000 BP) and the loca-
76 GALILI et al. 2002. tion of the village a few hundred meters inland. (E. Galili).
60